Mr. Arul Immanuel

Curriculum Vitae

Personal Details
Name and Title:                                  Mr Arul Immanuel
NHS appointment:                              Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Title of current appointment:             Professor of Robotic Surgery

Education/Qualifications
MBBS                                                  The Dr MGR Medical University, India                       1994   
MS (General Surgery)                         The Dr MGR Medical University, India                       1998
FRCS (General Surgery)                       Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons,                                                                                                     Glasgow                                                                      1999
MD                                                      University of Newcastle upon Tyne                            2006
FRCS (General Surgery)                       Intercollegiate Board                                                  2007
FRCS (General Surgery)                       Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh                     2017
Professor of Robotics and                   The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University              2022
Artificial Intelligence

Current Appointment
Consultant Surgeon, Upper Gastrointestinal and General Surgery,                          August 2011 to present
Northern Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Unit
Newcastle upon Tyne University Hospitals                                                               

Previous surgical training appointments:
Specialist Registrar in General Surgery, Northern Deanery                                      Feb 2003 to Jan 2009

Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Fellow                                                      Feb 2009 to Jan 2011
Flinders Hospital, Adelaide South Australia:  

Memberships
Professional

• Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh

Academic

• Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland
• International Society of Diseases of the Esophagus

Summary
I am a Consultant in General and Upper Gastrointestinal surgery at the Northern Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne.  I returned to the United Kingdom from a fellowship at the Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreatic and Biliary Unit at the Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia. My expertise is in the advanced laparoscopic and robotic surgical management of benign oesophago-gastric conditions and a minimally invasive approach (robotic ) to cancer of the oesophagus or stomach. My endoscopic skills include providing advanced diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy including ERCP. I have had further training in minimally invasive techniques in Japan, Hong Kong and China. I have brought and continued this practice in the largest European Oesophago-Gastric Centre, introducing many of the advanced laparoscopic techniques that I learned on my fellowship. I also continue my commitment to clinical research. I was conferred a Doctorate of Medicine for my work in identifying the prevalence and susceptibility of metachronous and synchronous cancers of the oesophagus and head and neck in December 2006.

Academic Achievements
Appointments
Feb 01 –          Research Fellow in Upper GI surgery
Jan 03              Study - Prevalence, Aetiology and Susceptibility to Second Primary Squamous Cancer of the Oesophagus and the Head and Neck

A study undertaken between the Northern Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Unit and the Northern Head and Neck Cancer Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of simultaneously occurring squamous tumours of the oesophagus and the head and neck and factors associated with the occurrence of such tumours. This study was presented as a thesis and was awarded a MD by the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in December 2006

Mar 95 –          Research Associate in Surgery
Mar 98            Study – Amoebic Liver Abscess – A prospective study of 100 patients

This project was accepted as Master of Surgery (MS) thesis in April 1998. This was a study of 100 patients diagnosed with liver abscess. It was undertaken to evaluate various clinical parameters, the role of conventional laboratory diagnostic aids, and the diagnostic and therapeutic role of ultrasound and modalities of treatment in order to plan for the better line of management.

Publications

• Xavier Benoit D’Journa, David Boulate, A Immanuel etal. Risk Prediction Model of 90-Day Mortality after Esophagectomy for Cancer. JAMA Surg. 2021;156(9): 836-845

• Sivesh K. Kamarajah, Anantha Madhavan, Jakub Chmelo, Maziar Navidi, Shajahan Wahed, Arul Immanuel, Nick Hayes,S. Michael Griffin, Alexander W. Phillips. Impact of Smoking Status on Perioperative Morbidity, Mortality, and Long-Term Survival Following Transthoracic Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology (2021). DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09720-6

• SM Griffin, SK Kamarajah  M Navidi, S Wahed, N Hayes, A Immanuel, AW Phillips. Evolution of gastrectomy for cancer over 30-years: Changes in presentation, management, and outcomes. Surgery (2021) Volume 170, Issue 1, P2-10.

• J. Ng Cheong Chung , S. K. Kamarajah  , A. A. Mohammed, R. C. F. Sinclair, D. Saunders  , M. Navidi, A. Immanuel and A. W. Phillips. Comparison of multimodal analgesia with thoracic epidural after transthoracic oesophagectomy.Br J Surg (2021) Vol 108, Issue 1, P58-65.

• P Milito , J Chmelo, L Dunn, S Kamarajah, A Madhavan, S Wahed , A Immanuel, SM Griffin, A W Phillips. Chyle Leak Following Radical En Bloc Esophagectomy with Two-Field Nodal Dissection: Predisposing Factors, Management, and Outcomes. Annals of Surgical Oncology volume 28, 3963–3972 (2021)

• S. K. Kamarajah,N. Newton,M. Navidi, S. Wahed,  A. Immanuel, N. Hayes, S. M. Griffin, A. W. Phillips. Long-term outcomes of clinical and pathological-staged T3 N3 esophageal cancer.Diseases of the Esophagus (2020)00,1–7DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz109

• M. Navidi , A. Madhavan, S. M. Griffin, P. Prasad , A. Immanuel, N. Hayes and A. W. Phillips. Trainee performance in radical gastrectomy and its effect on outcomes. BJS open https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs5.50219.

• P. Prasad, M. Navidi, A. Immanuel, S. M. Griffin OBE,  A. W. Phillips. Impact of trainee involvement in esophagectomy on clinical outcomes: a narrative systematic review of the literature. Diseases of the Esophagus (2019) 0, 1–8

• SK Kamarajah, A Immanuel. Comparison of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy and laparoscopic assisted total gastrectomy: A systematic review and metaanalysis – A commentary. Int J Surg (2019) Int J Surg. 2019 Jul 23. pii: S1743-9191(19)30171-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.07.019. [Epub ahead of print]

• T Delko, DI Watson, B Beck-Schimmer, A Immanuel, DJ Hussey, U Zingg: Cytokine Response in the Pleural Fluid and Blood in Minimally Invasive and Open Esophagectomy. World J Surg https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-019-05069-w

• D Low, A Immanuel et al. Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Esophagectomy: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations.World J Surg (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-018-4786-4

• A Madhavan, AW Phillips, CL Donohoe, R Willows, A Immanuel, M Verrill, SM Griffin. Surgical Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours: Comparison of outcomes for local and radical resection. Gastroenterology Research and Practice. Research Article. Article ID 2140253 (2018)

• C.L Donohoe, AW Phillips, E Flynn, C Donnison, Cl Taylor, RCF Sinclair, D Saunders, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. Multimodal analgesia using intrathecal diamorphine and paravertebral and rectus sheath catheters are as effective as thoracic epidural for analgesia post-open two-phase esophagectomy within an enhanced recovery program, Dis of the Esophagus. (2018)0, 1-8

VP Jagadesham, SM Lagarde, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. Systemic inflammatory markers and outcome in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction. Br J Surg. 2017 Mar; 104(4):401-7

• BM Dent, S Wahed, R Jones, A Immanuel, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Management and outcomes of anastomotic leaks after oesophagectomy. Br J Surg. 2016 Jul;103(8):1033-8

• Lagarde SM, Navidi M, Gisbertz SS, van Laarhoven HW, Sumpter K, Meijer SL, Disep B, Immanuel A, Griffin SM, van Berge Henegouwen MI. Prognostic impact of extracapsular lymph node involvement after neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy. Br J Surg. 2016 Nov;103(12):1658-1664

• AW Phillips, B Dent, A Immanuel , Griffin SM. Trainee involvement in Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy does not negatively impact on outcomes. Ann Surg. 2016 (Epub ahead of print)

• Anderegg MC, Lagarde SM, Jagadesham VP, Gisbertz SS, Immanuel A, Meijer SL, Hulshof MC, Bergman JJ, van Laarhoven HW, Griffin SM, van Berge Henegouwen MI. Prognostic Significance of the Location of Lymph Node Metastases in Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Distal Esophagus or Gastroesophageal Junction. Ann Surg. 2016 Nov;264(5):847-853

• R Miller, S Bourke, A Immanuel, S Metcalfe. Subtotal Esophagectomy for Carcinoma in a patient with Cystic Fibrosis. A&A Case Reports: 15th June 2016-Volume 6(12)-p394-396

• BM Dent, S Wahed, R Jones, A Immanuel, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Management and outcomes of anastomotic leaks after oesophagectomy. Br J Surg. 2016 Jul;103(8):1033-8

• P Rodham, J A Batty, P McElnay, A Immanuel. Does minimally invasive oesophagectomy provide a benefit in hospital length of stay when compared with open oesophagectomy?  Interact Cadio Vasc Thorac Surg (2015)1-8, doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivv339.

• Lagarde SM, Phillips AW, Navidi M, Disep B, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. The presence of lymphovascular and perineural infiltration after neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy identifies patients at high risk for recurrence. Br J Cancer. 2015 Nov 17;113(10):1427-33

• Dent B, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. Minimally invasive endoscopic therapy for the management of Boerhaave’s syndrome. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2014 Apr;96(3):253-4

• DI Watson, A Immanuel. Endoscopic and laparoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.Expert Rev. Gastroenterol.Hepatol, 2010; Vol.4, No.2, 225-234

• T Hoppo, A Immanuel, M Schuchert, Z Dubrava, A Smith, D Watson, BA Jobe . Transoral incisionless fundoplication 2.0 procedure using EsophyXTM for gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastrointest Surg. 2010;14(12):1895-901

• LJ Dunn, AGN Robertson, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. Barrett’s adenocarcinoma 52 years after subtotal esophagectomy for pediatric peptic stricture. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2010; 89(2):604-606

• AGN Robertson, LJ Dunn, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. An unusual presentation of herpes simplex esophagitis: a non-healing “peptic” ulcer. Endoscopy 2009; 41E213

• N Smart A Immanuel, M Mercer-Jones. Laparoscopic repair of a Littre’s hernia with porcine dermal collagen implant (Permacol). Hernia.2007; 11(4):373-6.

Abstracts

1. Newton N, Phillips AW, Jaretzke H,  Immanuel A, Hayes N, Griffin SM. Advanced Pretreatment Stage in Oesophageal cancer not Associated with Poor Outcome. Diseases of the Esophagus, Volume 31, Issue 13, 1 September 2018, Pages 143,https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.PS02.081

2. Dent B, Sturrock J, Mckenna J, Taylor C, Jaretzke H, Griffin SM, Immanuel A. THE IMPACT OF ENHANCED RECOVERY AFTER SURGERY (ERAS) ON PATIENTS UNDERGOING OESOPHAGECTOMY. Diseases of the Esophagus, Volume 31, Issue 13, 1 September 2018, Pages 23,https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.RA03.03
3. Phillips AW, Navidi M, Lagarde SM, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. The importance of neoadjuvant down staging for prognositication in carcinoma of the esophagus, and gastro-esophageal junction. Oral Presentation. International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ISDE), Singapore, Sept 2016.

4. Phillips AW, Navidi M, Lagarde SM, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. Ex-vivo lymph node dissection post oesophagectomy following neoadjuvant therapy ensure optimal lymphatic stating. Poster Presentation. International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ISDE), Singapore, Sept 2016
5. Phillips AW, Lagarde SM, Gisbertz SS, Immanuel A, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Griffin SM. The impact of the clinical stage, pathological stage and the effect of downstaging after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with cancer of the esophagus.  Poster Presentation.  European Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ESDE), Stockholm, November 2015

6. Navidi M, Phillips AW, Watson L, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. Complete pathological response after neoadjuvant therapy and radical resection is associated with excellent survival in locally advanced oesophageal carcinoma. Poster Presentation.  European Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ESDE), Stockholm, November 2015

• M Navidi, SM Lagarde,  S Wahed,  AW Phillips, A Immanuel, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Pattern of single lymph node metastasis in carcinoma of the oesophagus. Poster Presentation Digestive Disorders Federation, June 2015  Gut 2015;64:Suppl 1 A470 doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309861.1029

• AW Phillips, SM Lagarde , M Navidi, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. The presence of perineural, blood and lymph vessel invasion after neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy identifies high risk patients for recurrence. Poster Presentation Digestive Disorders Federation, June 2015 Gut 2015;64:Suppl 1 A477-A478 doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309861.1046

• SM Lagarde, M Navidi, J Sultan, SS Gisbertz, HM van Laarhoven, SL Meijer, A Immanuel, MI van Berge Henegouwen, SM Griffin. The prognostic impact of extracapsular lymph node involvement after neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy  Poster Presentation Digestive Disorders Federation June 2015. Gut 2015;64:Suppl 1 A477 doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309861.1045

10. Lagarde SM, Phillips AW, Navidi M, Disep B, Immanuel A, Griffin SM. Ex-vivo surgical lymph node dissection allows accurate lymph node mapping in adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction after neoadjuvant therapy. Poster Presentation.  European Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ESDE), Stockholm, November 2015

11. Navidi M, Lagarde SM, Phillips AW, Wahed S, Immanuel A, Hayes N, Griffin SM. Pattern of single lymph node metastasis in carcinoma of the oesophagus. Poster Presentation.  European Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (ESDE), Stockholm, November 2015

• R Jones, B Dent, L Dunn, S Wahed, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. The role of endoscopic mucosal resection in the management of early oesophageal and gastric cancer. British Journal Of Surgery 2014; 101(S6) 3

• B Dent, R Jones, A Immanuel, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Outcomes following mediastinal leak in patients undergoing oesophagectomy. British Journal Of Surgery 2014; 101(S6) 6

• Dent B, Immanuel A, Saunders D. Improving outcomes following emergency surgery: early experience of the National Laparotomy Audit (NELA). North of England Surgical Society (NESS) Annual Clinical Meeting, Newcastle upon Tyne, May 2014

• R Jones, B Dent, L Dunn, S Wahed, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. The role of endoscopic mucosal resection in the management of early oesophageal cancer: experience from a single UK centre. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27 Suppl 1:3A-168A

• C Rayner, S Wahed, B Dent, SM Griffin, A Immanuel. Early Experience of Enhanced Recovery following Oesophagectomy. British Journal Of Surgery 2013; 100(Suppl.8)48

• R Jones, A Krishnan, I Forrest, C Ward, J Pearson, J Simpson, A Immanuel, SM Griffin. Initial experience of an aerodigestive multidisciplinary team. British Journal Of Surgery 2013; 100(Suppl.8) 50

• A Immanuel, JA Henry, DA Browell, M Mercer-Jones, WJ Cunliffe. Impact of magnetic resonance imaging in the management of locally advanced rectal cancers. Colorectal Disease. 2005; 7 (Suppl.1), 119, 2005

• A Immanuel. D Meikle, NR McLean, MK Bennett, S Preston, D Karat, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Role of angiogenesis and genetic polymorphism in the development of second primary squamous cancer of the oesophagus and the head and neck. British Journal of Surgery. 2005; 89, Suppl. 1, 6

• A Immanuel, J Singh, D Meikle, NR McLean, SM Griffin. Polymorphisms of the Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1 A7 gene in Head and Neck Cancer. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2004; 131(2) 255

• A Immanuel, BR Gopinath, D Meikle, NR McLean, SM Griffin. Alcohol Dehydrogenase Polymorphism and risk of head and neck cancer. 9th International Congress on Oral Cancer, 25 (Melbourne, Australia, November 2003)

• A Immanuel, BR Gopinath, D Meikle, NR McLean, SM Griffin. Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Polymorphism on the site and stage of head and neck cancer. 9th International Congress on Oral Cancer, 56, 57 (Melbourne, Australia, November 2003)

• A Immanuel, PJ Lamb, J Wayman, S Preston, S M Griffin. Prevention of the neoplastic progression of Barrett's oesophagus by endoscopic argon beam plasma ablation, Correspondence. British Journal of Surgery. 2002; 89, 626

• A Immanuel, PJ Lamb, S Robinson, D Karat, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Oesophago-Gastric Stromal tumours: A single unit experience. British Journal of Surgery. 2002; 89, Suppl. 1, 27

• A Immanuel, PJ Lamb, J Wayman, SM Davies, SM Griffin. Primary Gastric Lymphoma: An audit of clinical practice. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2002; 28 (7) 800-801, 2002

• A Immanuel, S Robinson, BR Gopinath, J Wayman, SM Griffin. Metachronous squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus in head and cancer patients. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2002; 28 (7) 781-782

• PJ Lamb, A Immanuel, J Lloyd, DL Richardson, J Wilsdon, D Karat, SM Griffin. Prospective evaluation of bone scintigraphy as a staging investigation for oesophageal carcinoma. British Journal of Surgery. 2002; 89, Suppl. 1, 26

• PJ Lamb, SM Dresner, A Immanuel, S Robinson, M Irving, N Hayes, SM Griffin. Early Postoperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (EPIC Prospective study). British Journal of Surgery. 2002; 89, Suppl. 1, 87

• SM Dresner, A Immanuel, PJ Lamb, SM Griffin. Clinical outcome and long-term survival following Radical Oesophagectomy in the elderly. Gut 2001;48(S1):A8